Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
There are signifi cant advantages to using an electronic system:
the data set is easily accessible to others; you can incorporate
data directly into an existing electronic database; and you can
access and overlay your data with those of others.
2.10 Writing equipment, maps and
relevant literature
2
2.10.1 Writing equipment
•
Pencils
:
Several pencils for recording notes and sketches
are essential. Mechanical pencils (also known as propelling
pencils) work well for notes and labels on sketches.
Conventional pencils tend to work better for the line work
of different thicknesses and shading in sketches (Section
4.3). Leads for either mechanical or conventional pencils of
HB to 2H hardness are appropriate for most purposes.
Leads of H or greater hardness have the advantage of being
fairly permanent and not smudging as the notebook
becomes used. Softer leads of B and 2B are useful for
writing on damp paper without tearing it, for shading and
for very cold conditions. Under hot conditions pencils of
2H or greater will not tend to smudge as much.
•
Pens
:
Most geologists never use pens in the fi eld whereas a
few prefer them. Pens have the disadvantage that the work
cannot be erased and they are not always reliable under
outdoor conditions. Care needs to be taken to ensure that
the ink is waterproof and also that it does not blot under
hot conditions. Ball point pens will not write on damp
paper.
•
Pencil sharpener or penknife
:
Conventional pencils will
need to be sharpened. A good quality sharp pencil can
make all the difference between neat and untidy notes. If
the pencil is being used for shading it often works better if
it is slightly blunt (Section 4.3).
•
Coloured pencils
:
A few coloured pencils are useful in the
fi eld for recording specifi c items, e.g. samples. The potential
use of coloured pencils is covered further in Chapter 4.
•
Eraser
:
Essential for correcting mistakes and/or improving
parts of the sketches.
2.10.2 Maps and relevant literature
Geological and topographical maps, fi eld maps*, photographs,
published papers, etc., can form an essential part of your fi eld
tools. A topographic map for locating your position is fairly
essential; aerial photographs are also useful for this. If the area
*Topographical base maps on to
which geological information is
added in the fi eld are also referred to
as fi eld slips.
