Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Subarctic
Arctic
Treeline
Boreal
forest
Open lichen
woodland
Forest
tundra
Shrub
tundra
Heath
tundra
Polar
desert
Canada
Boreal
forest
Open lichen
woodland
Forest
tundra
Low
arctic
High
arctic
USA
Forest
tundra
Southern
tundra
Typical
tundra
Arctic
tundra
Polar
desert
Russia
Taiga
Subarctic
Arctic
Figure 24.17 Definitions of Arctic ecosystems according to US, Canadian and Russian usage.
Topography
Ridges
Gentle slopes
Depressions
Drainage
Free
Poor
Very poor
Bare rock
Sand
Ah
B
w
Ah
B
w
1 metre
Cu
Cu
Of
Ag
Of
Ag
Cz
Cz
C
g
C
g
50cm
Cz
Cz
Of
Of
30cm
Cz
Cz
Soils
Lithosol
Arctic Brown
Tundra Gley and Peaty Gley
Peat
Figure 24.18 Sequence of soils, vegetation and permafrost along a topographic catena in the Low Arctic at Rankin Inlet,
Canada.
 
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