Waves and Instabilities at Midlatitudes - The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics - page 303

Jan 7, 1997 0001 Mar 8, 1997 0218 Nov 29, 1997 2241

30-38R K p 4.0 35-65R K p 1.7 K p 2.0

52-80R

(a) (b) (c)

Dec 21, 1997 2036 Jul 26, 1998 0318 Sept 28, 1995

N

W E

S

100-120R K p 0.7

K p 2.3

K p 4.3

(d) (e) (f)

Figure 6.23 Summary of events observed from Puerto Rico (top row and bottom left),
Hawaii (bottom middle), and Christmas Island (bottom right, courtesy of M. Taylor).
Each image has been standardized so that north is at the top and east is to the right.
[After Kelley et al. (2002). Reproduced with permission of Elsevier.]

0

180m/s

330

30

120 m/s

300 60

60 m/s

270

90

120

240

150

210

180

Figure 6.24 A compass plot showing the direction and velocity of structures observed
using the all-sky imagers. [After Garcia et al. (2000a). Reproduced with permission of
the American Geophysical Union.]