Centrifuge Modeling of Seismic Performance of Reinforced Earth Structures - Reinforced Soil Engineering: Advances in Research and Practice - page 426

Figure 13 Example of time history of tensile strains of geogrid: D60-150.
3.2.3 Acceleration Responses and Stress-Strain Relationships
of Reinforced Soils
Figure 14 shows partial time histories of the acceleration at A21, A22, and A23 in
step 2 shaking for D60-150 and L60-150. The points of A21 and A22 were
located in the reinforced zone, and the point of A23 was in the base. The phase
lag between the acceleration of A21 and A22 in the latter was larger than that in
the former. This fact implies that the relatively large deformation of the
reinforced zone occurred in the case with the small dry density. This difference is
induced by not only the natural frequency of the reinforced soil wall, but also the
deformation characteristic of the wall.
Figure 14 Acceleration time histories: D60-150, L60-150. (Modified from Takahashi
et al., 2001.)