Model Tests of Seismic Stability of Several Types of Soil Retaining Walls - Reinforced Soil Engineering: Advances in Research and Practice - page 346

Figure 25 Relationships between residual overturning angled of facing and residual
sliding displacement.

stability against overturning mode of failure to a larger extent than that against
sliding mode of failure. However, such behavior could not be rationally evaluated
by the current design procedures, as can be seen from Fig. 24 .

8 CONCLUSIONS

The major conclusions obtained from the present study are summarized below:

1. In the irregular shaking tests on leaning-type and gravity-type RWs,

after the failure plane was formed in the backfill, the second failure
plane was formed at higher seismic loads. This can be explained by