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emissions needed to stabilize CO
2
(g) at a total mix-
ing ratio of
3.19. In 1990, the total CO
2
(g) emission rate for the
world was
7,660 Tg-C yr
−
1
.Towhat steady-state
mixing ratio does this emission rate correspond? Is this
number lower or higher than the mixing ratio needed to
stabilize climate, which is 360 ppmv?
360 ppmv, assuming a 2010 emission
rate of 10,200 Tg-C yr
−
1
(from fossil fuel and perma-
nent deforestation sources) and an
e
-folding lifetime for
carbon dioxide of
=
∼
=
40 years.
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