Life and climate in an ice age - Ice Ages and Interglacials: Measurements, Interpretation, and Models - page 12

''At this time, ice sheets covered the whole of Iceland and all but the southern
extremity of the British Isles. Northern Europe was largely covered, the southern
boundary passing through Germany and Poland, but not quite joined to the
British ice sheet. This ice extended northward to cover Svalbard and Franz Josef
Land and eastward to occupy the northern half of the West Siberian Plain,
ending at the Taymyr Peninsula, and damming the Ob and Yenisei rivers forming
a West Siberian Glacial Lake. In North America, the ice covered essentially all of
Canada and extended roughly to the Missouri and Ohio Rivers, and eastward to
New York City.
In the Southern Hemisphere, the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered Chile and
western Argentina north to about 41 degrees south. Ice sheets also covered Tibet
(scientists continue to debate the extent to which the Tibetan Plateau was covered
with ice), Baltistan, Ladakh, the Venezuelan Andes and the Andean altiplano. In
Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia, many smaller mountain glaciers
formed, especially in the Atlas, the Bale Mountains, and New Guinea.
Permafrost covered Europe south of the ice sheet down to present-day
Szeged and Asia down to Beijing. In North America, latitudinal gradients were
so sharp that permafrost did not reach far south of the ice sheets except at high
elevations.
The Indonesian islands as Far East as Borneo and Bali were connected to
the Asian continent in a landmass called Sundaland. Palawan was also part of
Sundaland, while the rest of the Philippine Islands formed one large island
separated from the continent only by the Sibutu Passage and the Mindoro Strait.
Australia and New Guinea were connected forming Sahulland. Between
Sundaland and Sahulland, Wallacea remained islands, though the number and
width of water gaps between the two continents were considerably smaller.
In warmer regions of the world, climates at the Last Glacial Maximum were
cooler and almost everywhere drier

. Most of the world's deserts expanded.
Exceptions were in the American West, where changes in the jet stream brought
heavy rain to areas that are now desert and large pluvial lakes formed, the best
known being Lake Bonneville in Utah. This also occurred in Afghanistan and
Iran where a major lake formed in the Dasht-e Kavir. In Australia, shifting sand
dunes covered half the continent, whilst the Chaco and Pampas in South America
became similarly dry. Present-day subtropical regions also lost most of their
forest cover, notably in eastern Australia, the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, and
southern China, where open woodland became dominant due to drier conditions.
In northern China—unglaciated despite its cold climate—a mixture of grassland
and tundra prevailed, and even here, the northern limit of tree growth was at least
twenty degrees further south than today.''

...

Ruddiman (2007) provided an extensive description of the LGM. Only a few
excerpts are given here. He emphasized the dustiness during the LGM:

''The ice sheets were prolific producers of debris in all sizes from large
boulders to fine clay. Ice sheets grind across the landscape, scraping and