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7.
Describe the relationship between the primary and secondary magnetic fields.
8.
What is meant by the terms 'step response' and 'impulse response' in EM methods?
9.
How would you recognise the response from a confined conductor in time domain electromagnetic data?
10.
How would you differentiate between in-hole and off-hole responses in downhole electromagnetic data?
11.
What factors control the depth penetration of an electromagnetic field?
12.
What kind of electrical and EM surveys would be most suitable for detecting the following kinds of nickel
mineralisation? (a) Disseminated sulphide; (b) massive sulphide; (c) lateritic.
FURTHER READING
Bishop, J. R. and Lewis, R. J. G., 1996. Introduction to the special
volume on DHEM. Exploration Geophysics, 27, 37
Proceedings of Exploration 07: Fifth Decennial International
Conference on Mineral Exploration. Decennial Mineral
Exploration Conferences, 387
39.
Eadie, T. and Staltari, G., 1987. Introduction to downhole elec-
tromagnetic methods. Exploration Geophysics, 18, 247
-
398.
A useful summary of the challenges facing AEM.
Nabighian, M. N., 1991. Electromagnetic Methods in Applied
Geophysics, Volume 2, Application: Parts A and B. Society
of Exploration Geophysicists, Investigations in Geophysics 3.
This large technical volume of electromagnetic geophysics
gives a comprehensive description of the TDEM method.
However, developments in the past 10 years mean that parts
of this reference are now out of date.
Pelton, W.H. and Smith, P.K., 1976. Mapping porphyry copper
deposits
-
351.
The journal Exploration Geophysics has produced these two
thematic volumes on DHEM, volume 27 (2/3) in 1996 and
volume 18 (3) in 1987. These contain both theory and case
study papers with numerous examples.
Goldie, M., 2002. Self-potentials associated with the Yanacocha
high-sul
dation gold deposit in Peru. Geophysics, 67, 684
-
689.
A description of extreme SP variations in a gold camp in
Peru, interesting both as a case study and as a demonstration
of the incomplete understanding of the causes of variations in
self-potentials.
Harris, N.C., Hemmerling, E.M. and Mallmann, A.J., 1990. Phys-
ics: Principles and Applications. McGraw-Hill.
This is a first year university physics text. Its description of
electricity and electromagnetism is straightforward. The
structure is that of a traditional physics book, so it includes
some basic mathematics. There is no mention of geophysical
applications.
Macnae, J., 2007. Developments in broadband airborne electro-
magnetic in the past decade.
-
in the Philippines with IP. Geophysics, 41,
-
122.
The age of the paper is reflected in the way the data are
displayed and interpreted. However, it is still a classic illus-
tration of resistivity/IP responses from a very important style
of mineralisation.
Sumner, J. S. 1976. Principles of Induced Polarization for
Geophysical Exploration. Elsevier Scientific.
This is a classic text describing the principles of resistivity/IP
techniques. It is intended for geophysicists but is not overly
mathematical.
106
In Milkereit, B.
(Ed.),
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