Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
anomaly maps of sea level pressure.
Mon. Wea. Rev
.
98
, 708-716.
Kwok, R., Cunningham, G.F., and
Pang, S.S. [2004]. Fram Strait sea ice
outflow.
J. Geophys. Res
.
109
, C01009,
doi:10.1029/2003JC001785.
Kwok, R. and Rothrock, D.A. [1999].
Variability of Fram Strait ice flux and
North Atlantic Oscillation.
J. Geophys.
Res
.
104
(C3), 5177-5189.
Labitzke, K. [1968]. Midwinter warmings
in the upper stratosphere in 1966.
Quart.
J. Roy. Met. Soc
.
94
, 279-291.
[1981]. Stratospheric-mesospheric
midwinter disturbances: A summary of
observed characteristics.
J. Geophys. Res
.
86
, 9665-9678.
Lafleur, P.M. and Rouse, W.R. [1995].
Energy partitioning at treeline forest
and tundra sites and its sensitivity to
climate change.
Atmosphere-Ocean
33
,
121-133.
Lammers, R.B., Shiklomonov, A.I.,
Vorosmarty, C.J., Fekete, B.M., and
Peterson, B.J. [2001]. Assessment of
contemporary Arctic river runoff based
on observational records.
J. Geophys.
Res.
106
(D4), 3321-3334.
Larsen, J.A. [1974]. Ecology of the
northern forest border. In: Ives, J.D. and
Barry, R.G. (eds.),
Arctic and Alpine
Environments
. London: Methuen, pp.
341-368.
Laursen V. [1959]. The Second
International Polar Year.
Annals Int.
Geophys. Year
(Pergamon)
1
, 211-234.
Laursen, V. [1982]. The Second
International Polar Year (1932/33).
WMO
Bull.
31
, 214-226.
Lawrence, D.M. and Slater, A.G. [2005].
A projection of near-surface permafrost
degradation during the 21st century.
Geophys. Res. Lett
.
32
, L24401,
doi:10.1029/2005GL025080.
Lazier, J.R.N. [1980]. Oceanographic
conditions at weather station Bravo,
1960-1974.
Atmosphere-Ocean
18
,
18227-18238.
Lean, J. [2009]. Cycles and trends in
solar irradiance and climate.
Wiley
Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate
Change
1
, 111-122.
Lean, J., Beer, J., and Bradley, R.S. [1995].
Reconstructions of solar irradiance since
1610: Implications for climate change.
Geophys. Res. Lett
.
22
, 3195-3198.
Lebedev, V.V. [1938]. Rost l'do v
arkticheskikh rekakh I moriakh v
zavisimosti ot otritsatel' nykh temperatur
vozdukha. (Growth of ice in Arctic rivers
and seas and its dependence on negative
air temperature).
Problemy Arktiki
5
, 9-25.
LeDrew, E.F. [1984]. The role of local
heat sources in synoptic activity in the
Arctic Basin.
Atmosphere-Ocean
22
,
309-327.
[1988]. Development processes for five
depression systems within the Polar
Basin.
J. Climatol
.
8
, 125-153.
[1989]. Modes of synoptic development
within the Polar Basin.
Geojournal
18
79-85.
Legates, D.R. and Willmott, C.J. [1990].
Mean seasonal and spatial variability in
gauge-corrected, global precipitation.
Int.
J. Climatol
.
10
, 111-127.
Lehman, S.J. and Keigwin, L.D. [1992].
Sudden changes in North Atlantic
circulation during the last deglaciation.
Nature
356
, 757-762.
Levere, T.H. [1993].
Science and
the Canadian Arctic. A Century of
Exploration 1818-1918
. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Levi, B.G. [1992]. Arctic measurements
indicate chilly prospect of ozone
depletion.
Physics Today
45
, 17-19.
