The Oligocene to the Quaternary: climate and biology - Climate Change: Biological and Human Aspects - page 192

Ruddiman, W. F. (2003) The anthropogenic greenhouse era began thousands of years
ago. Climate Change , 61(3), 261-93.
Ruddiman, W. F. and Thomson, J. S. (2001) The case for human causes of increased
atmospheric CH 4 over the last 5000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews , 20, 1769-
77.
Searle, J. B., Kotlık, P. Rambau, R. V. et al. (2009) The Celtic fringe of Britain:
insights from small mammal phylogeography. Proceedings of the Royal Society of
London Series B , 276, 4287-94.
Seppa, H., Alenius, T. and Bradshaw, R. H. W. et al. (2009) Invasion of Norway
spruce ( Picea abies ) and the rise of the boreal ecosystem in Fennoscandia. Journal
of Ecology , 97, 629-40.
Severinghaus, J. P. (2009) Southern see-saw seen. Nature , 457, 1093-4.
Shackleton, N. J. (2000) The 100,000 year ice-age cycle identified and found to lag
temperature, carbon dioxide and orbital eccentricity. Science , 289, 1897-1901.
Shackleton, N. J., Cave, I. N. and Weedon, G. P. (eds) (1999) Astronomical (Mil-
ankovitch) calibration of the geological timescale. Philosophical Transactions of
the Royal Society B , 357, 1731-2007.
Shapiro, B., Drummond, A. J., Rambaut, A. et al. (2004) Rise and fall of the Beringian
steppe bison. Science , 306, 1561-5.
Siegenthaler, U., Stocker, T. F., Monnin, E. et al. (2005) Stable carbon cycle-climate
relationship during the late Pleistocene. Science , 310, 1313-17.
Sigman, D. M., Jaccard, S. L. and Haug, G. H. (2004) Polar ocean stratification in a
cold climate. Nature , 428, 59-63.
Sigman, D. M., Hain, M. P. and Haug, G. H. (2010) The polar ocean and glacial
cycles in atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Nature , 466, 47-55.
Singarayer, J. S., Valdes, P. J., Friedlingstein, P., Nelson, S. and Beerling, D. J. (2011)
Late Holocene methane rise caused by orbitally controlled increase in tropical
sources. Nature , 470, 82-5.
Smith, L. C., MacDonald, G. M., Velichko, A. A. et al. (2004) Siberian peatlands a
net carbon sink and a global methane source since the early Holocene. Science ,
303, 353-7.
Sowers, T. (2006) Late Quaternary atmospheric CH 4 isotope record suggests marine
clathrates are stable. Science , 311, 838-40.
Spahni, R., Chappellaz, J., Stocker, T. F. et al. (2005) Atmospheric methane and nitr-
ous oxide of the late Pleistocene from Antarctic ice cores. Science , 310, 1317-21.
Steffensen, J. P., Andersen, K. K., Bigler, M., Henrik B. Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen,
D. et al. (2008) High-resolution Greenland ice core data show abrupt climate
change happens in few years. Science , 321, 680-4.
Steig, E. J. (1999) Mid-Holocene climate change. Science , 286, 1485-6.
Steine, S. (1994) Extreme and persistent drought in California and Patagonia during
the Mediaeval time. Nature , 396, 546-9.
Stokes, S., Thomas, D. S. G. and Washington R. (1997) Multiple episodes of aridity
in southern Africa since the last interglacial period. Nature , 388, 154-8.
Stuart, A. J., Kosintsev, P. A., Higham, T. F. G. and Lister, A. M. (2004) Pleistocene
to Holocene extinction dynamics in giant deer and woolly mammoth. Nature , 431,
684-9.