Mantle Mixing: Processes and Modeling - Physics and Chemistry of the Deep Earth - page 367

Schmid C., van der Lee S., VanDecar J.C., Engdahl
E.R., Giardini D., 2008. Three-dimensional S velocity
of the mantle in the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary
region from phase arrival times and regional wave-
forms, J Geophys Res , 113 , B03306.
Shahnas M.H., Peltier W.R., 2010. Layered convec-
tion and the impacts of the perovskite-postperovskite
phase transition on mantle dynamics under isochem-
ical conditions, J Geophys Res , 115 , B11408.
Shirey S.B., Richardson S.H., 2011. Start of the Wilson
cycle at 3 Ga shown by diamonds from subcontinen-
tal mantle, Science , 333 , 434-436.
Smithies R.H., Champion D.C., van Kranendonk M.J.,
Howard H.M., Hickman A.H., 2005. Modern-style
subduction processes in the Mesoarchaean: geochem-
ical evidence from the 3.12 Ga Whundo intr-oceanic
arc, Earth Planet Sci Lett , 231 , 221-237.
Solomatov V.S., Reese C.C., 2008. Grain size variations
in the Earth's mantle and the evolution of primor-
dial chemical heterogeneities, J Geophys Res , 113 ,
B07408.
Stracke A., Bourdon B., 2009. The importance of melt
extraction for tracing mantle heterogeneity, Geochim
Cosmochim Acta , 73 , 218-238.
Stroncik N.A., Haase K.M., 2004. Chlorine in oceanic
intraplate basalts: constraints on mantle sources and
recycling processes, Geology , 32 , 945-948.
Stroncik N.A., Niedermann S., Haase K.M., 2008.
Plume-ridge interaction revisited: evidence for melt
mixing from He, Ne and Ar isotope and abundance
systematics, Earth Planet Sci Lett , 268 , 424-432.
Stuart F.M., Lass-Evans S., Fitton J.G., Ellam R.M., 2003.
High He-3/He-4 ratios in picritic basalts from Baffin
Island and the role of a mixed reservoir in mantle
plumes, Nature , 424 , 57-59.
Subramanian N., Kellogg L.H., Turcotte D.L.,
2009. Statistics of advective stretching in three-
dimensional incompressible flows, J Statist Phys ,
136 , 926-944.
Sumino H., Burgess R., Mizukami T., Wallis S.R.,
Holland G., Ballentine C.J., 2010. Seawater-derived
noble gases and halogens preserved in exhumed man-
tle wedge peridotites, Earth Planet Sci Lett , 294 ,
163-172.
Sun W., Yanhua H., Kamenetsky V.S., Eggins S.M.,
Chen M., Arculus R.J., 2008. Constancy of Nb/U in
the mantle revisited, Geochim Cosmochim Acta , 72 ,
3542-3549.
Taylor S.R., McLennan S.M., 1985. The continental
crust: its composition and evolution , Blackwell Sci-
entific, Oxford.

Tirone M., Ganguly J., Morgan J.P., 2009. Model-
ing petrological geodynamics in the Earth's mantle,
Geochem Geophys Geosys , 10 , Q04012.
Turcotte D.L., Schubert G., 2002. Geodynamics ,2nd
edn, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Turner S.M., Caulfield J., Turner M., van Keken P.E.,
Maury R., Sandiford M., Prouteau G., 2012. Recent
contribution of sediments and fluids to the mantle's
volatile budget, Nature Geosci , 5 , 50-54.
Van Hunen J., van den Berg A.P., 2008. Plate tectonics
on the early Earth: limitations imposed by strength
and buoyancy of subducted lithosphere, Lithos , 103 ,
217-235.
Van Keken P.E., 2001. Cylindrical scaling for dynamical
cooling models of the Earth, Phys Earth Planet Inter ,
124 , 119-130.
Van Keken P.E., Ballentine C.J., 1998. Whole-mantle
vs layered mantle convection and the role of a
high-viscosity lower mantle in terrestrial volatile
evolution, Earth Planet Sci Lett , 156 , 19-32.
Van Keken P.E., Ballentine C.J., 1999. Dynamical mod-
els of mantle volatile evolution and the role of phase
transitions and temperature-dependent rheology, J
Geophys Res , 104 , 7137-7151.
Van Keken P.E., Hacker B.R., Syracue E.M., Abers G.A.,
2011. Subduction factory 4: depth-dependent flux
of H 2 O from slabs worldwide, J Geophys Res , 116 ,
B01401.
Van Keken P.E., Hauri E.H., Ballentine C.J., 2002.
Mantle mixing: the generation, preservation and de-
struction of chemical heterogeneity, Ann Rev Earth
Planet Sci , 30 , 493-525.
van Keken P.E., Karato S., Yuen D.A., 1996. Rheological
control of oceanic crust separation in the transition
zone, Geophys Res Lett , 23 , 1821-1824.
Van Keken P.E., Zhong S., 1999. Mixing in a 3D spher-
ical model of present day mantle convection, Earth
Planet Sci Lett , 171 , 533-547.
Van Summeren J.R.G., van den Berg A.P., van der Hilst
A.P., 2009. Upwellings from a deep mantle reservoir
filtered at the 660 km phase transition in thermo-
chemical convection models and implications for
intra-plate volcanism, Phys Earth Planet Inter , 172 ,
210-224.
Vlaar N.J., van Keken P.E., van den Berg A.P., 1994.
Cooling of the Earth in the Archaean, Earth Planet
Sci Lett , 121 , 1-18.
Wang Z.R., Eiler J.M., Asimow P.D., Garcia M.O., Taka-
hashi E., 2010. Oxygen isotope constraints on the
structure and evolution of the Hawaiian plume, Amer
JSci , 310 , 683-720.