Chemical and Physical Properties and Thermal State of the Core - Physics and Chemistry of the Deep Earth - page 268

from a natural (Mg,Fe)SiO 3 orthopyroxene, Proc Terasaki, H., Nishida, K., Shibazaki, Y., Sakamaki, T.,

Suzuki, A., Ohtani, E. & Kikegawa, T., 2010. Density
measurement of Fe 3 C liquid using X-ray absorption
image up to 10 GPa and effect of light elements on
compressibility of liquid iron. J Geophys Res , 115 ,
B06207, doi10.1029/2009JB006905.
Tsuchiya, T.& Fujibuchi, M., 2009. Effects of Si on the
elastic property of Fe at Earth's inner core pressures:
First principles study. Phys Earth Planet Inter , 174 ,
212-219. doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2009.01.007.
Tsuno, K., Terasaki, H., Ohtani, E., Suzuki, A., Asa-
hara, Y., Nishida, K., Sakamaki, T., Funakoshi, K.
& Kikegawa, T., 2007. In-situ observation and de-
termination of liquid immiscibility in the Fe-O-S
melt at 3 GPa using a synchrotron X-ray radio-
graphic technique. Geophys Res Lett , 34 , L17303.
doi:10.1029/2007 GL030750.
Vo cadlo, L., 2007. Ab initio calculations of the elasticity
of iron and iron alloys at inner core conditions: Evi-
dence for a partially molten inner core. Earth Planet
Sci Lett , 254 , 227-232.
Vo cadlo, L., Alfe, D., Gillan, M.J., Wood, I.G., Brodholt,
J.P., Price, G.D., 2003. Possible thermal and chemical
stabilisation of body-centred-cubic iron in the Earth's
core. Nature , 424 , 536-539.
Vo cadlo, L., Dobson, D.P. & Wood, I.G., 2009. Ab initio
calculations of the elasticity of hcp-Fe as a function
of temperature at inner-core pressure. Earth Planet
Sci Lett , 288 , 534-538.
Vo cadlo, L., Wood, I.G., Dario Alf e, D. & Price, G.D.,
2008. Ab initio calculations on the free energy and
high P-T elasticity of face-centred-cubic iron. Earth
Planet Sci Lett , 268 , 444-449.
Williams, Q., & Garnero, E.J., 1996. Seismic evidence
for partial melt at the base of Earth's mantle. Science ,
273 , 1528-1530.
Williams, Q., Jeanloz, R., Bass, J., Stevenson, B. &
Ahrens, T.J., 1987. The melting curve of iron to 250 gi-
gapascals: A constraint on the temperature at Earth's
center. Science , 236 , 180-181.
Yoo, C.S., Holmes, N.C., Ross, M., Webb, D. &
Pike, C., 1993. Shock temperatures and melting of
iron at Earth core conditions. Phys Rev Lett , 70 ,
3931-3934.
Zhang, J. & Guyot, F., 1999. Experimental study of the
bcc-fcc phase transformations in the Fe-rich system
Fe-Si at high pressures. Phys Chem Mineral , 26 ,
419-424.

Nat Acad Sci , 103 , 3039-3043, www.pnas.org_

cgi_doi_10.1073_pnas.0506811103.
Siebert, J., Badro, J., Antonangeli, D., Ryerson, F.J.,
2012. Metal-silicate partitioning of Ni and Co in a
deep magma ocean. Earth Planet Sci Lett , 321-322 ,
189-197.
Souriau, A., 2007. Deep Earth structure - the Earth's
cores . Treatise of Geophysics , Elsevier, Ch. 1.19,
655-693.
Stacey, F.D. & Davis, P.M., 2004. High pressure
equations of state with applications to the lower man-
tle and core. Phys Earth Planet Inter , 142 , 137-184.
Steinle-Neumann, G., Stixrude, L., Cohen, R.E. &
Gulseren, O., 2001. Elasticity of iron at the tempera-
ture of the Earth's inner core, Nature , 413 , 57-60.
Stevenson, D.J., 1981. Models of the Earth's core.

Science , 214 , 611-619. doi: 10.1126/science.214

.4521.611.
Stewart, A.J., Schmidt, M.W., van Westrenen, W.,
Liebske, C., 2007. Mars: A new core-crystallization
regime. Science , 316 , 1323-1325.
Stixrude, L., & Cohen, R.E., 1995. High-pressure elas-
ticity of iron and anisotropy of Earth's inner core,
Science , 267 , 1972-1975.
Stixrude, L. & Karki, B., 2005 Structure and Freezing of
MgSiO 3 liquid in Earth's lower mantle. Science , 310 ,
297-299. doi: 10.1126/science.1116952.
Takafuji, N., Hirose, K., Mitome, M., & Hirose, K.,
2005. Solubilities of O and Si in liquid iron in equi-
librium with (Mg,Fe)SiO 3 perovskite and the light
elements in the core. Geophys Res Lett , 32 , L06313,
doi:10.1029/2005GL022773.
Tanaka, S., 2007. Possibility of a low P -wave velocity
layer in the outermost core from global SmKS wave-
forms. Earth Planet Sci Lett , 259 , 3-4, 30, 486-499.
Tateno, S., Hirose, K., Ohishi, Y. & Tatsumi, Y., 2010.
The structure of iron in Earth's inner core. Science ,
330 , 359-361.
Tateyama, R., Ohtani, E., Terasaki, H., Nishida, K.,
Shibazaki, Y., Suzuki, A. & Kikegawa, T., 2011.
Density measurements of liquid Fe-Si alloys at
high pressure using the sink-float method. Phys
Chem Mineral , 38 , 801-807. doi: 10.1007/s00269-
011-0452-1.
Terasaki, H., Kamada, S., Sakai, T., Ohtani, E., Hirao,
N. & Ohishi, Y., 2011. Liquidus and solidus temper-
aturesofaFe-O-Salloyuptothepressuresofthe
outer core: Implication for the thermal structure of
the Earth's core, Earth Planet Sci Lett , 304 , 559-564.