Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
a
: Black Hills quartzite,
β
- quartz
b
: synthetic specimens (CaAl
2
Si
2
O
8
)
c
: synthetic specimens (Ca(Mg
0.8
Fe
0.2
)Si
2
O
6
)
d
: synthetic specimens (Ca
0.97
(Mg
0.8
Fe
0.2
)Si
1.99
O
6
)
e
:Ca
0.98
Mg
0.79
Fe
0.256
Al
0.017
Na
0.012
Si
2
O
6
f
:(Mg
0.89
Fe
0.8
Ca
0.3
)SiO
3
g
: synthetic specimens ((Mg
0.94
Fe
0.04
Ca
0.02
)
2
Si
2
O
6
,(Mg
0.906
Fe
0.091
Ni
0.003
)
2
Si
2
O
6
). Water content was not measured.
h
: synthetic specimens (Py, Py
70
Alm
16
Gr
14
)
i
: A universal flow law based on the results on different garnets
j
: synthetic specimens (Py
88
Alm
10
Gr
2
)
k
: synthetic specimens
l
: Maryland diabase
m
: synthetic specimens (
∼
50% garnet,
∼
40% omphasite,
∼
10% quartz)
n
: synthetic specimens San Carlos olivine
+
orthopyroxene mixture (60:40), no report on water content.
o
: synthetic specimens forsterite and Mg-enstatite (97:03 to 80:20).
p
: synthetic specimens forsterite
+
Mg-enstatite (60:40).
q
: lherzolite (62% olivine, 26% orthopyroxene, 10% clinopyroxene, 2% spinel)
r
:
A
,
r
,
V
∗
are not determined separately. Assuming
V
∗
=
20 cm
3
/
mol,
A
and
r
were calculated.
s
:
r
/
n
=
0.5 was constrained by the experiments. If
n
=
4then
r
=
2.
t
: Influence of friction is reduced using a liquid pressure confining mediuO.
u
: One type of high-pressure deformation apparatus operated to
∼
10 GPa.
v
: A room pressure deformation apparatus controlled by a servo system.
w
: One type of high-pressure deformation apparatus operated to
∼
23 GPa.
Data source:
Bystricky, M. and Mackwell, S.J., 2001. Creep of dry clinopyroxene aggregates. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106: 13443-13454.
Caristan, Y., 1982. The transition from high-temperature creep to fracture in Maryland diabase. Journal of Geophysical Research, 887: 6781-6790.
Chen, S., Hiraga, T. and Kohlstedt, D.L., 2006. Water weakening of clinopyroxene in the dislocation creep regime. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111: 10.1029/2005JB003885.
Gleason, G.C. and Tullis, J., 1995. A flow law for dislocation creep of quartz aggregates determined with the molten slat cell. Tectonophysics, 247: 1-23.
Hier-Majumder, S., Mei, S. and Kohlstedt, D.L., 2005. Water weakening of clinopyroxene in diffusion creep regime. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110: 10.1029/2004JB003414.
Hirth, G. and Kohlstedt, D.L., 1995. Experimental constraints on the dynamics of partially molten upper mantle: deformation in the diffusion creep regime. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 100: 1981-2001.
Ji, S., Wang, Z. and Wirth, R., 2001. Bulk flow strength of forsterite-enstatite composites as a function of forsterite content. Tectonophysics, 341: 69-93.
Jin, Z.M., Zhang, J., Green, H.W., II. and Jin, S., 2001. Eclogite rheology: implications for subducting lithosphere. Geology, 29: 667-670.
Karato, S. and Jung, H., 2003. Effects of pressure on high-temperature dislocation creep in olivine polycrystals. Philosophical Magazine, A., 83: 401-414.
Karato, S., Wang, Z., Liu, B. and Fujino, K., 1995. Plastic deformation of garnets: systematics and implications for the rheology of the mantle transition zone. Earth and Planetary
Science Letters, 130: 13-30.
Kawazoe, T., Karato, S., Otsuka, K., Jing, Z. and Mookherjee, M., 2009. Shear deformation of dry polycrystalline olivine under deep upper mantle conditions using a rotational
Drickamer apparatus (RDA). Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 174: 128-137.
Lawlis, J.D., 1998. High Temperature Creep of Synthetic Olivine-Enstatite Aggregates. Ph D Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, 131 pp.
