Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Load cell
Yoke
L.V.D.T
Furnace
leads
Furnace
Coolant
Load cell
Argon gas
Main
base
Furnace
leads
Cooling
water
Thermo
couple
(a)
(b)
Actuator
Harmonic Drive
differential
ram
guideblock
guideblock
Gear system
P1
P2
P3
Anvils
wedge
wedge
Sample Assembly
To
X-ray detectors
X- ray
guideblock
guideblock
differential
ram
Oil Sump
(c)
(d)
Fig. 4.6
Typical apparatus used for the experimental studies of plastic deformation, (a) A solid-medium,
high-pressure deformation apparatus designed by Griggs in the 1960s. This apparatus can be operated to P
<
3GPa
and T
<
1600K. Stress (load) is measured by an external load cell and a correction for friction is needed to determine
the stress. (b) A gas-medium, low-pressure deformation apparatus designed by Paterson in the 1970s. This apparatus
can be operated to P
<
0
.
5GPaandT
<
1600 K. Stress (load) is measured by an internal load cell and stress can be
determined by high precision. (c) A solid-medium apparatus where hydrostatic compression and uni-axial
compression can be separated (D-DIA). This apparatus can be operated to P
∼
∼
1600 K.
Stress and strain are measured by X-ray diffraction and imaging respectively. (d) A solid-medium apparatus designed
in our lab (RDA) where torsion tests can be performed at high P and T. This apparatus has been operated to
P
10GPa (or higher) and T
∼
23GPa and T
∼
2000 K. Stress and strain are measured by X-ray diffraction and imaging respectively.
