Numerical Modeling: An Efficient Tool for Analyzing the Behavior of Constructions - Multiscale Geomechanics: From Soil to Engineering Projects - page 242

246 Multiscale Geomechanics

τ Shear stress

φ pp

Friction angle at perfect plasticity

ψ Dilatancy angle

Ψ Flow direction

ψ BJ State index

χ Bishop's coefficient

Subscripts and superscripts

e Elastic

i,j,k Plasticity mechanism indicator

p Plastic

vp Viscoplastic

Symbols

[.] Discontinuity in .

· Scalar product

⊗ Tensorial product

: Contracted product

a Vector a

a Second order tensor

a Fourth order tensor

|.| Absolute value of a scalar .

. Norm of a vector .

a n Normal component of vector a

a t Tangential projection of vector a

tr. Trace of tensor

log Decimal logarithm

ln Natural logarithm