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saltation cloud to respond to a change in windspeed, and the
threshold of saltation is lower to maintain it than to initiate it,
the time history of sand flux measured at the local scale—which
can be highly intermittent (e.g., Stout and Zobeck 1997) has a
somewhat complex relationship to the wind history. High-
time-resolution measurements (e.g., Jackson and McCloskey
1997) show a delay of a few seconds between drops in wind
speed and the resultant drop in sand flux (Fig. 3.11 ).
Having discussed how sand can move, and what factors
control how far it goes, we now proceed to discuss the
shapes of the resultant landforms and how they relate to the
wind regime, and how wind interacts with the dune structure.
 
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