Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
• Infrastructure planning (planning the location of a new service, …): For
example, for planning a new wind farm, the current use and the 2D geometry of
buildings are needed (to exclude, for example, locations in a 500 m buffer around
residential buildings), as well as the locations of constructions such as castles,
churches or other protected sites which might generate constraints for wind farms.
The result of the use case analysis was the starting point for the design of the
building model. In the following section the building model is introduced which
was designed to meet these requirements.
3 The INSPIRE Building Model
The scope of the building model is given by the following definition, which is
more or less used in all member states: 'A Building is an enclosed construction
above and/or underground, used or intended for the shelter of humans, animals or
things or for the production of economic goods. A building refers to any structure
permanently constructed or erected on its site.' (INSPIRE TWG BU
2013
). Civil
engineering constructive works which are not enclosed such as self-standing
antennas are not considered as buildings, but as OtherConstructions. Those objects
are covered by the extended profiles (see
Sect. 3.4
).
Due to the heterogeneous data availability in the EU member states and due to
heterogeneous requirements of the use cases for buildings, one single model would
not be appropriate. Instead, four profiles are provided:
• Core 2D profile: feature types for buildings and building parts, basic attributes
such as year of construction, external reference, and usage. The geometrical
representation is 2D or 2.5D.
• Core 3D profile: same semantics as Core 2D, but 3D representation from
CityGML (Gröger et al.
2012
; Gröger and Plümer
2012
) in four Levels-of-Detail
(in addition to 2D/2.5D geometry).
• Extended 2D profile: based on Core 2D, feature types for building units and
constructions which are not considered as buildings have been added, as well as
a rich set of attributes and relations.
• Extended 3D profile: the geometry of Core 3D is combined with the semantics
of Extended 2D and with 3D feature types (CityGML version 2.0) for boundary
surfaces, building installations, rooms and textures.
The normative core profiles are based on the data which is widely used, widely
available and whose harmonization is required at European level (for reporting on
Environmental Directives, for example). The non-normative extended profiles are
based on data that is widely required but whose harmonization in the EU is not
easily achievable at short term. The relations between the four profiles and the
application schemas of the INSPIRE building model are illustrated in Fig.
1
.
