Conclusion - Four Degrees of Global Warming - page 242

6 The volume of coal exported in 2011 was some 280 million tonnes (DFAT, 2011).
This represents 728 million tonnes of embodied CO 2 , based on 2011 figure for
Australian coal export volumes multiplied by an aggregate emissions factor of 2.6.
7 Using trade-adjusted data for carbon flows.
8 The following data are drawn from Olivier et al., 2012, REN21, 2012 and UNEP,
2012.
9 In the absence of a domestic carbon price, a levy of $AUD1 per tonne of CO 2 -e -
effectively some 2 per cent of the expected production value of $AUD 53.3 billion
in 2013/14 - could be placed on all coal produced by Australia for domestic use
and export. This approach would, in the short term, contribute $AUD1.17 billion
(projected production, 2013-2014 [DTE undated], 2.6 x approx. 451.6 tonnes coal) to
the cost of buying international permits. A lower levy could be used if gas production
was also included or if revenue was also sought from other sources.
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