Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Erg
Tibesti Mts
Ergs
Ergs
Benghazi
Ergs (sand seas)
B
A
Sand flow lines
0
500 km
A
51.2
Tibesti
massif
B
Fig. 6.19
Regional sand-flow lines reflecting the yearly mean trade winds, Sahara desert.
(a)
(Sd)
(Sd)
(Sd)
(c)
(b)
N America
N America
Iberia
Iberia
dust transport, millions tonnes a
-1
(Sd)
50
53
56
61
83
260
(Sd)
Africa
(Sd)
3
3
5
22
157
Hispaniola
dust deposition, millions tonnes a
-1
Fig. 6.20
(a) Satellite image showing intermingling of Saharan dust (Sd) in the ABL with normal cloud and frontal systems in the central
Atlantic ocean; (b) shows extent of dust in sketch form; (c) shows estimated annual transport and depositional fluxes and their variation
with distance from the Saharan source, based on studies of Atlantic ocean floor sediment cores. Such long distance transport has important
repurcussions for reflectivity of incoming short-wave radiation, rain droplet nuleation, cloud formation, and precipitation.
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