Flow, deformation, and transport - Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences - page 171

(a) (b) (c)

L B

L B R B

R B

Positive or reverse flower structure
(transpressional duplex) in a dextral fault
(restraining bend).

L S

R S

R S

L S

(d)

Transpresion
(restraining bend)

Transtension
(releasing bend)

Negative or normal flower structure
(transtensional duplex) in a dextral fault
(releasing bend).

Fig. 4.111 Bends and stepovers in (a) sinistral and (b) dextral strike-slip faults, give way to transpressional areas in restraining bends and
transtensional areas in releasing bends. Strike slip duplex structures form in this area subjected to compression or tension, which are also called
flower structures (RB: right bend; LB: left bend; RS: right stepover; LS: left stepover). (c) and (d) show two different strike slip duplexes in a
sectional view.

(b)

(a)

Fig. 4.112 Death valley. An example of a releasing bend tectonic environment causing extension and basin formation (a) View north east
towards Panamint Range. (b) Satellite image to show the central basin and bounding ranges with the Panamint range in the top left and the
Armagosa Range to the right.