CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION (CCS): A PRIMER - President Obama's Climate Action Plan - page 86

20

MIT Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project Database, Weyburn Fact Sheet, http://sequest
ration.mit.edu/tools/ projects/weyburn.html.

21

DOE Office of Fossil Energy; see http://www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/ sequestration/ geolo
gic/index.html.

22

IPCC Special Report, p. 223.
23 See CRS Report R42496, Carbon Capture and Sequestration: Research, Development, and
Demonstration at the U.S. Department of Energy, by Peter Folger, for more information on
the DOE programs.

24

See, for example, Mike Soraghan, ―Drilling Waste Disposal Risks Another Damaging Okla.
Quake, Scientist Warns,‖ Energywire, April 19, 2012, http://www.eenews.net/energywire/
2012/04/19/archive/1?terms=earthquake.

25

See Paul Voosen, ―Public Outcry Scuttles German Demonstration Plant,‖ Greenwire,
December 6, 2011, http://www.eenews.net/Greenwire/2011/12/06/ archive/10?terms= vatt
enfall.

26

Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project Database, Sleipner Fact Sheet, http://sequestration.
mit.edu/tools/projects/ sleipner.html.

27

Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project Database, Snohvit Fact Sheet, http://sequest
ration.mit.edu/tools/projects/ snohvit.html
28 Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project Database, Gorgon Fact Sheet, http://sequestration.
mit.edu/tools/projects/ gorgon.html.

29

Coal bed and coal seam are interchangeable terms.
30 IPCC Special Report, p. 217.
31

U.S. Dept. of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, 2010 Carbon Sequestration
Atlas of the United States and Canada, 3rd ed. (November 2010), 160 pages. Hereinafter
referred to as the 2010 Carbon Sequestration Atlas, http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/
carbon_seq/refshelf/atlasIII/2010atlasIII.pdf; and 2008 Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the
United States and Canada, 2nd ed. (November 2008), 140 pages. Hereinafter referred to as
the 2008 Carbon Sequestration Atlas. (Available from CRS.) A 2007 Carbon Sequestration
Atlas was also published and is available from CRS.
32 2008 Carbon Sequestration Atlas, p. 8.
33 Sean T. Brennan et al., A Probabilistic Assessment Methodology for the Evaluation of
Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage, USGS, Open-File Report 2010-1127, 2010. The USGS
has also released at least one report on the geologic framework of specific geologic basins
that may help improve estimates of sequestration capacity. See, for example, Jacob A.
Covault et al., Geologic Framework for the National Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Storage
Resources-Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana, USGS, Open-File Report 2012-1024-A,
2012, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/ 1024/a/.
34 2008 Carbon Sequestration Atlas, p. 23.
35 2010 Carbon Sequestration Atlas, p. 139.
36

Christopher L. Sabine et al., ―Current Status and Past Trends of the Global Carbon Cycle,‖ in
C. B. Field and M. R. Raupach, eds., The Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Humans,
Climate, and the Natural World (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2004), pp. 17-44.
37 2007 IPCC Working Group I Report, pp. 514-515.
38

CO 2 forms carbonic acid when dissolved in water. Over time, the solid calcium carbonate
(CaCO 3 ) on the seafloor will react with (neutralize) much of the carbonic acid that entered
the oceans as CO 2 from the atmosphere. See David Archer et al., ―Dynamics of Fossil Fuel
CO 2 Neutralization by Marine CaCO 3 ,‖ Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol. 12, no. 2 (June
1998): pp. 259-276.