Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 11.2
Comparison of Elements in the WWF Meta-Standard Framework for Carbon
Projects with Likely Conditions in Protected Areas
Issue
Details
Protected Area Implications
Carbon.accounting
Additionality.
REDD.funding.should.only.usually.be.applicable.to.
new.protected.areas.in.areas.where.forests.are.at.risk.
or.to.protected.areas.where.independent.assessment.
shows.clearly.that.vegetation.is.being.lost.or.
degraded.and.where.additional.resources.could.
reduce.this.
Leakage
Analysis.will.be.needed.to.ensure.that.establishment.
of.a.protected.area.does.not.simply.move.forest.loss.
elsewhere,.i.e.,.that.any.loss.of.resources.to.local.
communities.is.adequately.compensated,.e.g.,.by.
establishment.of.timber.plantations.or.other.
renewable.energy.sources.
Permanence
Protected.areas.aim.to.protect.native.vegetation.in.
perpetuity..This.could.be.complicated.if.vegetation.
removal.is.part.of.management,.e.g.,.if.ire.control.
uses.prescribed.burns.to.reduce.fuel..This.will.only.
apply.to.some.places.in.some.countries.(and.would.
be.applicable.in.forest.outside.protected.areas)..
Approaches.exist.for.accounting.for.such.losses.
Social.and.
environmental.
impacts
Stakeholder.
consultation
Protected.areas.are.increasingly.required.to.have.
strong.stakeholder.processes;.for.example,.this.is.a.
requirement.for.new.protected.areas.established.
under.the.CBD.
Program of Work on Protected Areas
..
It.is.relected.in.a.growing.number.of.self-declared.
protected.areas.by.indigenous.peoples'.communities.
Sustainable.
development
Protected.areas.increasingly.adhere.to.rigorous.social.
and.environmental.safeguards.to.ensure.that.they.do.
not.undermine.livelihoods..Application.of.a.range.of.
management.approaches.and.governance.types.can.
help;.for.example,.IUCN.Category.VI.extractive.
reserves.facilitate.sustainable.collection.of.valuable.
products.(such.as.nontimber.forest.products).while.
maintaining.living.trees:.an.ideal.scenario.for.a.
REDD.project.if.the.forest.would.otherwise.have.
been.under.threat.
Identiication.of.
high.conservation.
values
Protected.areas.are.selected.speciically.for.their.value.
to.conservation.and.an.increasingly.sophisticated.set.
of.tools.are.available.to.identify.suitable.sites.
Assessment.of.
environmental.
impacts
Similarly,.there.is.now.a.range.of.methodologies.for.
assessing.the.environmental.beneits.of.protected.
areas.in.terms.of,.e.g.,.water.supply,.soil.stabilization,.
or.protection.of.communities.from.climatic.extremes.
(
continued
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