Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
(a) Stress-strain
diagram.
(b) Stress-path
diagram.
Fig. 15.15. Loading of sequence 3on isotropically consolidated sand specimen
(a) Stress-straindiagram. (b)Stress-path diagram.
3. Soil improvement by grouting
3.1. GENERAL REMARKS
Grouting and solidification of liquefiable sand has an advantage that it does not produce
harmful ground vibration and noise. Its shortcoming may be that it is more costly than
aforementioneddensification.Thus,itisimportanttofindasituationinwhichtheadvan-
tage of grouting is particularly useful. One of such advantageous situations lies in soil
improvement under existing structures. Figure15.17 shows an example of the effects of
subsoil liquefaction on liquid storage tanks. Since such a storage site has many pipelines
among tanks, it is difficult for big soil improvement machines to come in. It is evidently
unacceptable to cause subsidence of foundation of tanks as a consequence of densifica-
tion. With these in mind, this part of the paper addresses solidification of soil by means
of injection of colloidal silica.
