Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 13.11. Computed and measured responses of buriedRC structure
(Wang et al.,2006)
Fig. 13.12. Computed residual deformation of buried RCstructure(Wang et al. 2006)
3.4. EFFECT OFINITIALSTRESS INTHEBACKFILL SOIL ONRETAINING
WALLS
Initialstressconditions for seismicanalysis play a significant role. An example is shown
on a sheet pile quay wall (Kameoka and Iai, 1993). In this study, initial earth pressures
before the earthquake were varied by applying forced displacements between anchor
and sheet pile wall as shown in Figure 13.13. The results of the seismic analysis, shown
in Figure 13.14, indicate that higher initial earth pressure applied on the wall results
in smaller seismic bending moments and displacements. Based on these findings, it
is recommended that the initial conditions for sheet pile quay walls be computed by
step-by-step gravity analysis, closely following the actually construction sequence
(Miwaet al., 2003).
4. Performance-based design
The 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake drastically changed the affirmative recognition
of the seismic design practice in Japan. The peak accelerations during this earthquake
ranged from 0.5 to 0.8g, causing catastrophic damage to highly developed and mod-
