Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Dense Sand
Loose Sand
(i)
(i)
∆
y
= 21cm
∆
y
= 61cm
Free Field
Free Field
building
building
0
0
h
/
H
=
1%
h
/
H
=
1%
h
/
H
=
2%
h
/
H
=
3%
−
0.5
−
0.5
h
/
H
=
2%
h
/
H
=
3%
−
1
−
1
h
/
H
=
4%
h
/
H
=
5%
free-field
h
/
H
=
4%
−
1.5
−
1.5
h
/
H
=
5%
(ii)
(ii)
−
2
−
2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
building
building
0
0
−
50
−
50
h/H=0%
−
100
h/H=0%
−
100
h/H=5%
−
150
−
150
h/H=5%
(iii)
(iii)
−
200
−
200
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
80
80
building
building
60
60
40
40
free-field
20
20
0
0
(iv)
(iv)
−
20
−
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Distance (m)
Distance (m)
Fig. 9.3. FR-SFSI analysis of 2-storey, B
20m building, witha 1.3mthickslab
foundation. Fault rupture inthe free-field emerging at s
=
4m: (i)deformed mesh
and plasticstrain,(ii)vertical displacement at the surface, (iii)contact pressure p, and
(iv) distortionangle
=
. The resultsof the FR-SFSI analysis (redlines) arecompared
with thefree-field results(bluelines) for h
β
/
H
=
1to5%
sides, u
L
≈
5m,u
R
≈
3m; with only its central part maintaining contact over a
width b
C
≈
12m. On the other hand, in loose sand the building uplifts only at the
left side, u
L
≈
3m.
The foundation distress is about 50% higher in the dense sand, as a result of the creation
of a wider cantilever, whereas in the loose sand the greater compression of the scarp is
