Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 13.11
Palaeolithic human geography: using radiocarbon dates as a proxy for
population expansion and contraction in three regions of Europe. This fi gure shows
the radiocarbon database of Gamble et al. (2004) plotted by region and shown
in relation to the GRIP ice core record for 30 to 6 ka. The population events (1 to 5)
discussed by Gamble et al. (2004) are also shown. See text for further explanation.
GRIP
Greenland Ice Core Project (modifi ed from Gamble et al., 2004).
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Conclusions
With the demonstration that much of the last cold stage was punctuated by a
remarkable series of rapid and high-amplitude environmental changes, Quaternary
geoscience has entered an exciting and challenging new era. The information on
rapid change comes primarily from archives such as the Greenland ice cores, marine
sediments in the North Atlantic, and, in Europe, from long pollen and speleothem
