Gas Emission Control - Mathematics and Statistics for the Environment - page 448

Dispersion

Treatment

Collection

Source

FIGURE 16.1 Air pollution control points.

Atom —The smallest particle of an element that still retains the characteristics of that element.
Atomic number —The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic weight —The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus
of an atom.
Base —Any substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH - ) when it dissociates in water.
Chemical bond —The force that holds atoms together within molecules. A chemical bond is
formed when a chemical reaction takes place. Two types of chemical bonds are ionic bonds
and covalent bonds.
Chemical reaction —A process that occurs when atoms of certain elements are brought
together and combine to form molecules, or when molecules are broken down into indi-
vidual atoms.
Climate —The long-term weather pattern of a particular region.
Covalent bond —A type of chemical bond in which electrons are shared.

TABLE 16.1
Comparison of Air Control Technologies

Treatment Technology Concentration Eficiency Comments

Absorption <200 ppmv 90-95% Can blowdown stream be accomplished at site?

>200 ppmv 95+%

Carbon adsorption >200 ppmv 90+% Recovered organics may need additional treatment; can

increase cost.

>1000 ppmv 95+%

Incineration <100 ppmv 90-95% Incomplete combustion may require additional controls

>100 ppmv 95-99%

Condensation >2000 ppmv 80+% Must have low temperature or high pressure for efficiency

Source: Spellman, F.R., The Science of Air , 2nd ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2008, p. 221.