Mechanisms for Damage and Failure from the Great East Japan Tsunami - Tohoku, Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 - page 58

Figure 55. Diagram of scour mechanisms

Figure 56. Shizugawa tsunami wall —
Collapsed wall sections due to excessive
landside scour (2.6m deep) and seaside
scour (2.1m deep)
Note: See Figure 60 below.

Figure 57. Arahama Beach shoreline
dike —Landside scour (2.5m depth/5.0-
8.0m long) from overtopping: no
significant beach erosion observed on
seaside Note: See Figure 61 below.

Figure 58. Arahama Beach restroom
building —Landside scour (reaching
2.6m in depth) from overtopping
Note: See Figure 62 below.

Figure 59. Natori Beach shoreline dike
— Severe scour and damage to dike on
landside from overtopping; no
significant beach erosion apparent at the
time of survey