Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 10. General description of the type of structure and mechanisms of failure
shown in photographs.
Type of Damage or
Failure Mechanism
Location
Structure
Top of
Structure
Elev.
(m above
MSL))
Approximate
Runup Elev.
(m above
MSL)
Fig.
#
Overtopping
without
Structural Failure
Arahama Beach
Shoreline Dike
+5
+12.2
19
Naruse River
North Jetty
n.d.
+5.3
20
Taro
Tsunami Wall
+10
+28
21
Shizagawa
Port Bridge
n.d.
+15.2
22
Noda
Old Tsunami
Wall
+9
+12
23
Overtopping
with Structural
Damage or
Failure
Noda
New Tsunami
Wall
+10
+12
24
Omoto
Tsunami Wall
+4
+20
25
Kojirahama
Tsunami Wall
+12.5
+17.8
26
Wave Uplift
Forces
Utatsu
Port Bridge
n.d.
+14.8
29
Taro
Miyato Bridge
+10
+6
30
Otsuchi
Bridge
+5
+8
31
Kojirahama
Tsunami Wall
+12.5
+17.8
32
Noda
Tsunami Wall
+9
+12
33
Oya Station
Seawall
<+3
+15
34
Onagawa
Oil Tank and
Building
n.d.
+18
35
Movement of
Structure off
Foundation from
Sliding, Rotation,
or Overtopping
Otsuchi
Tsunami Wall
+5
+8
36
Kojirahama
Tsunami Wall
+12.5
+17.8
37
Koizumihama
Beach
Tsunami Wall
+12.5
+19.6
38
Onagawa
Building
n.d.
+18.0
39
Noda
Old Tsunami
Wall
+9
+12
40
Impact Loads
Noda
New Tsunami
Wall
+10
+12
41
Otsuchi
Tsunami Wall
+5
+8
42
Onagawa
Tank Structure
n.d.
+18
43
Hydrostatic
Pressure
Otanabe (Fudai)
Breakwater
+9.6
+15.5
45
Shizagawa
Tsunami
Seawall
+8
+15.2
46
Natori Beach
Shoreline Dike
+5
+9
47
Natori Beach
Shoreline Dike
+5
+9
48
Utatsu
Barrier Wall
n.d.
+14.8
49
Otsuchi
Barrier Wall
+5
+15 ‐ +19
50
Supercritical
Flows
Fudai River
Water Control
Structure
+15.5
+20
51
Shizagawa
Fishing Port
n.d.
+15.2
52
Kamehama
Water Control
Structure
+10
+12
53
Otsuchi
Tsunami Wall
+5
+8
54
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