Spectral Measurements of Solar Irradiance and Radiance in Clear and Cloudy Atmospheres - Short-Wave Solar Radiation in the Earth's Atmosphere - page 106

Fig. 3.16. Spectral dependence of the radiative fluxdivergences for every layer of the 100mbar
thickness from the results of the airborne sounding 16th October 1983 above the Kara-Kum
Desert: thin lines ; the average value for the layer of 1000-500 mbar and the ranges of
1 standard deviation interval - thick lines
also other ferrous oxides are evidently included in the sand composition, and
we will symbolically call it “hematite”. Thus, we are following the topic by
Zuev and Krekov (1986) where the complex mixture of ferrous oxides and
hydroxides is implied as a hematite and where the data concerning its complex
refractive index are taken from. The analysis of the radiative flux divergences
in Fig. 3.15 shows that the hematite absorption band is rather narrow and has
its maximum near 420 nm. Note that the high content of ferrous oxides in the
sand's composition is typical for the Kara-Kum Desert (this is reflected in the
name “Black Sands”).
Analyzing the radiative flux divergences in separate layers it should be noted
that only three soundings among all processed spectra are exact enough for
identification of the atmospheric aerosols. Regretfully, there is no statistically
significant altitudinal dependence: the radiative flux divergences are approx-
imately equal to each other and close to the average radiative flux divergence
for the whole layer 1000-500mbar as Fig. 3.16 demonstrates.
In addition to that considered above, while processing the soundings data,
complementary results have been obtained, namely: calibration curves D and
coefficients of the relationship between the irradiance, pressure and solar