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to incorporate the tasks and actions of the ILSMP for effective implementation at
the local level. It often involves a broad spectrum of the community including both
public and private interests. An example of watershed management with a more
detailed treatment of land use tools and their application can be found in the Saint
Alban's Bay in Vermont.
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The European Union has additional references which
review and guide planning efforts in coordination with the environmental impact
assessment process. These are addressed and provided in Section 8.4.6. A sample
list of policy transformation and implementation tools is as follows:
Regulatory Tools
Legislation
Regulation
Policy
Zoning and ordinances
Output standards, i.e., effluent, organic, and inorganic substance levels
Environmental education policy and standards
Public hearings, meetings
Permitting process
Guidance documents
Environmental assessments
Socio-economic assessments
Land use regulations/policy
Smart growth regulations and policy
Nonregulatory Tools
Water quality improvement incentive programs
Agriculture buffers and best management practices (BMP)
Forestry buffers and BMPs
Residential and commercial development guidelines and BMPs
Conservation easements
Transferable development rights
Mitigation banking
Land use planning options
Cluster developments and greenspace options
Resource use reduction incentives
Adoption of environmental education curricula in all grades of education
Public or stakeholder workshops, seminars
Incorporation into public and private media and information delivery systems
8.4.8
P
UBLIC
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NPUT
AS
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I
NTEGRATION
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ILSMP
Public input, specifically for land and water use policy development, is an extremely
important element in implementing any plan in a community. It is an essential part
of the policy development process if long-term sustainable management of the
lagoon and watershed is to be achieved. The public, which is in fact composed of
many smaller “units” as stakeholders, can be represented by multiple entities, each
with a specific mission and goal to meet the needs of these stakeholder groups.
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