Monitoring Program Design - Coastal Lagoons: Ecosystem Processes and Modeling for Sustainable Use and Development - page 320

TABLE 7.1
General Specification on Data Collection Aimed at the Calibration of
Hydrodynamic (Currents, Level Variations, Waves) and Advection-
Dispersion (Including Temperature Regime) Modules for a Two-Dimensional
Model for a Nontidal Lagoon

No. Parameter or Variable Measurements Specification Relation to Model

1. Water level variation at the

open boundaries (lagoon
entrances)

Persistent series or regular
measurements with a
frequency not less than four
times per day

Boundary conditions

Water level variation at some
internal points remote from
lagoon entrance (not less
than two points)

Persistent series or regular
measurements with a
frequency not less than four
times per day

Calibration series

Boundary conditions

2. Discharges and water

temperature for all rivers
and artificial outlets (95%
of freshwater inflow)

Usually not more frequent
than once a week or 10 days,
but not less than once a
month

Boundary conditions

3. Meteorological parameters

over the lagoon (wind
direction, wind speed,
barotropic pressure,
precipitation, solar
radiation, cloudiness, air
temperature, humidity)

Frequency is not less than four
times per day (for calibration
of seasonal variations)
Frequency is not less than once
per hour (for current or wave
calibration)

Boundary conditions

4. Salinity and water

temperature:

Frequency is not less than
twice per day

• vertical profiles at the
lagoon entrances
• vertical profiles at
monitoring points inside
the lagoon (usually more
than three points)

Depends on requirements on
model solution accuracy; for
seasonal calibration it is
usually 1-4 times per month

Calibration data

• spatial variation in the
lagoon area

The lagoon area should be
surveyed as quick as possible
and with regard to daily
temperature variations

Initial conditions and
calibration data

Calibration series

5. Wind wave height and

spreading direction
(minimum—at some points
along the lagoon coast)

Persistent series to represent
eight main wind directions;
duration of series is not
shorter than a few hours

Boundary conditions
and calibration series

6. Currents (vertical profile or

upper and bottom layer
values) at the entry and at
several points in the lagoon
(usually more than three
points)

Persistent series with duration
not shorter than several tidal
periods or 10 days for
nontidal lagoon, time step is
as frequently as possible