Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
a width (
D
km
), and a depth (
H
km
),
k
and
m
being the number of nodes connected by
this link. The cross- and along-shore length scales of the total lagoon system are
still defined by
a
and
b.
The Ria Formosa Lagoon is an example of a lagoon made
up of branched channels.
A complicated lagoon system occurs when different large basins, represented
as rectangular basins, are connected through a network of channels (
Figure 6.8E)
.
The Dalyan Lagoon is an example of such a lagoon system (see case study).
A set of quantitative morphometric parameters, which describe the lagoon ori-
entation and structure, its horizontal and vertical scales, and the potential sea influ-
ence, can now be introduced
(Table 6.5)
:
• The restriction ratio (
p
r
)
• The orientation and anisotrophy parameter (
p
or
)
• The depth parameters (
p
shell
) and (
p
deep
)
• The openness parameter of potential sea influence (
p
open
)
• The three-component parameter of flow (
p
resist
)
• The shore development parameter (
p
shore
)
• The parameters of shore dynamics (
p
er
,
p
acr
,
p
eq
)
•
The parameter of general sediment structure (
p
sed
)
Additional parameters can also be introduced for lagoons made up of a network
of channels:
• The network “density” parameter (
p
dens
)
• The network “length” parameter (
p
net
)
•
The network “multi-ways” parameters or entrance distance extremes
parameters (
p
short
) and (
p
long
),
characterizing the shortest and longest dis-
tances, respectively, between two marginal entrances.
Typical values of selected parameters for some lagoons are presented in
Table 6.6.
Although these geomorphic parameters alone can be helpful during the premodeling
analysis, they are most effective when used in combination with the hydrological
features of the lagoon.
6.3.1.2
Hydrological Parameters
Lagoons can also be described in terms of a set of hydrological parameters based
on the water budget components: river water inflow (
), the atmospheric precip-
Q
riv
itation (
Q
prc
) and evaporation (
Q
evp
), the underground inflow (
Q
grd
), the marine water
inflow (
Q
inflow
), and the outflow of the water from the lagoon to the adjacent open
marine area (
Q
outflow
):
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