Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
the Land: Evolutionary and Environmental Perspec-
tives. Columbia University Press, New York, 83-102.
Graham, L. 1993.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
103, 15511-15516.
Reimer, T. O., Barghoorn,E.S.&Margulis,L.
1979. Primary productivity in an early Archaean
microbial
Origin
of
Land
Plants. Wiley,
New York.
Hofmann, H. J. 1976. Precambrian microflora, Belcher
Islands, Canada:
ecosystem.
Precambrian
Research, 9,
significance
and
systematics.
93-104.
Retallack, G. J. 1992. What to call early plant formations
on land. Palaios, 7, 508-520.
ROYAL SOCIETY 2005. Ocean acidification due to
increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Policy docu-
ment 12/05 Royal Society, London. The Clyvedon
Press Ltd, Cardiff.
Rye,R.&Holland, H. D. 1998. Paleosols and the
evolution of atmospheric oxygen; a critical review.
American Journal of Science, 298, 621-672.
Servais, T., Li, J., Stricanne, L., Vecoli,M.&Wican-
der, R. 2004. Acritarchs. In: Webby, B., Droser, M.,
Paris,F.&Percival, I. (eds) The Great Ordovician
Biodiversification Event. Columbia University Press,
New York, 348-360.
Shidlowski, M., Appel, P. W. U., Eichmann,R.&
Junge, C. E. 1979 Carbon isotope geochemistry of
the 3.7 10
9
yr old Isua sediments, W. Greenland:
implications for the Archaean carbon and oxygen
cycles.
Journal of Paleontology, 50, 1040-1073.
Holland, H. D. 1994. Early Proterozoic atmospheric
change. In: Bengston, S. (ed.) Early Life on Earth.
Nobel Symposium No. 84. Columbia University
Press, New York, 237-244.
Holmen, K. 2000. The global carbon cycle. In: Jacobson,
M. C., Charlson, R. J., Rodhe,H.&Orians, G. (eds)
Earth
System
Science:
Biogeochemical
Cycles
to
Global Change. Elsevier, New York.
Katz, M. E., Fennel,K.&Falkowski, P. G. 2007.
Geochemical and biological consequences of phyto-
plankton evolution. In: Falkowski,P.G.&Knoll,
A. H. (eds) Evolution of Primary Producers in the
Sea. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, Massachu-
setts, USA, 405-430.
Kennedy, M., Droser, M., Mayer, L. M., Pevear,D.&
Mrofka, D. 2006. Late Precambrian oxygenation;
inception of the clay mineral factory. Science, 311,
1446-1449.
Martin, R. E. 1996. Secular increase in nutrient levels
through the Phanerozoic: implications for productivity,
biomass, and diversity of
Geochimica
et
Cosmochimica
Acta, 43,
189-199.
Spencer, H. 1904. Remarks on the theory of reciprocal
dependence in the animal and vegetable creations as
regards its bearing on Palæontology. In: Spencer,H.
An Autobiography. D. Appleton and Company,
New York, 624-630.
Steemans, P. 2000. Miospore evolution from the
Ordovician to the Silurian. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 113, 189-196.
Steemans,P.&Wellman, C. H. 2003. Miospores and the
emergence of land plants. In: Webby, B. D., Droser,
M. L. & Percival, I. G. (eds) The Great Ordovician
Biodiversity Event. Columbia University Press,
New York, 361-368.
Steemans, P., Le H´riss´ , A., Melvin, J., Miller, M. A.,
Paris, F., Verniers,J.&Wellman, C. H. 2009.
Origin and radiation of the earliest vascular land
plants. Science 324, 353.
Stein, W. E., Mannolini, F., Hernick, L. V., Landing,
E. & Berry, C. M. 2007. Giant cladoxylopsid trees
resolve the enigma of
the marine biosphere.
Palaios, 11, 209-219.
McGhee, G. R. 1996. The Late Devonian Mass Extinction:
The Frasnian/Famennian Crisis. Columbia University
Press, New York.
Meyer-Berthaud, B., Soria,A.&Decombeix, A.-L.
2010. The land plant cover in the Devonian: a reassess-
ment of the evolution of the tree habit. In: Vecoli, M.,
Cl´ment,G.&Meyer-Berthaud, B. (eds) The
Terrestrialization Process: Modelling Complex
Interactions at the Biosphere - geosphere Interface.
Geological Society, London, Special Publications,
339, 59-70.
Mora, C. I., Driese,S.G.&Colarusso, L. A. 1996.
Middle and Late Paleozoic atmospheric CO
2
levels
from soil carbonate and organic matter. Science, 271,
1105-1107.
Moulton, K. L., West,J.&Berner, R. A. 2000. Solute
flux and mineral mass balance approaches to the
quantification of plant effects on silicate weathering.
American Journal of Science, 300, 539-570.
Mullins,G.L.&Servais, T. 2008. The diversity of the
Carboniferous phytoplankton. Review of Palaeobotany
and Palynology, 149, 29-49.
PALYNODATA INC. & White, J. M. 2008. Palynodata
Datafile: 2006 version, with Introduction by
J. M. White. Geological Survey of Canada Open File
5793, 1 CD-ROM.
Peng, T.-H. & Broecker, W. 1980. Gas exchange rates
for three closed-basin lakes. Limnology and Ocean-
ography, 25, 789-796.
Qiu, Y.-L., Cho, Y., Cox,C.&Palmer, J. D. 1998.
The gain of three mitochondrial introns identifies
liverworts as the earliest land plants. Nature, 394,
671-674.
Qiu, Y.-L, Li,L.et al. 2006. The deepest divergences
in land plants inferred from phylogenomic evidence.
the Earth's earliest
forest
stumps at Gilboa. Nature, 446, 904-907.
Strother, P. K. 1996. Acritarchs. In: Jansonius,J.&
McGregor, D. C. (eds) Palynology: Principles and
Applications. Volume I. Principles. American Associ-
ation of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation,
Dallas TX, 81-106.
Strother, P. K. 2008. A speculative review of factors
controlling the evolution of phytoplankton during
Paleozoic time.
Revue
de
Micropal´ontology, 51,
9-21.
Strother,P.K.&Beck, J. H. 2000. Spore-like microfos-
sils from Middle Cambrian strata: expanding the
meaning of the term cryptospore. In: Harley, M. M.,
Morton,C.M.&Blackmore, S. (eds) Pollen and
Spores:
Morphology
and
Biology. Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew, 413-424.
Strother, P. K., Wood, G. D., Taylor,W.A.&Beck,
J. H. 2004. Middle Cambrian cryptospores and the
