Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Appendix
Structural formulae of the compounds mentioned in the text.
O
O
Flavanone:
R1, H; R2, C=O
3-OH-Flavanone:
R1, OH; R2, C=O
Flavan-3-ol:
R1, OH; R2, H
Flavone:
C
2
=C
3
; R1, H; R2, C=O
Flavonol:
C
2
=C
3
; R1, OH; R2, C=O
Anthocyanidin:
O
1
=C
2
; C
3
=C
4
; R2, H or
OH; positive charge on C-ring
Isoflavanone:
Aryl migration to C
3
; R2, C=O
3'
4'
HO
HO
B
O
2
5'
7
O
A
C
O
O
3
O
R1
4
5
O
R2
II
5-O-Methylginkgetin
(a biflavonoid)
I
Flavonoid backbone
OH
OH
O
HO
O
R
OH
OH
O
OH
O
HO
O
R
R
III
Kaempferol
IV
Pterocarpan backbone
OH
OH
OH
HO
n
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH
O
R
OH
OH
V
Anthocyanidin (condensed Tannin)
O
O
O
OH
OH
OH
VI
Hydrocynnamic acid
VII
VIII
Ferulic acid
IX
Sinapic acid
p
-Coumaric acid
H
H
OH
H
H
OH
H
X
Labdanoid backbone
XI
XII
Borneol
XIII
Isoborneol
XIV
Camphene
XV
Eudesmane
Cadinane
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
XIX
Pimarane
XX
Kaurane
XXI
Podocarpane
XVI
Drimane
XVII
Cadalene
XVIII
Abietane
17
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
XXII
Beyerane
XXIII
Phyllocladane
XXIV
ent
-Beyerane
XXV
ent
-Kaurane
XXVI
Retene
XXVII
Simonellite
