Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2. Continued
Locality
Habitat
Geological age
Reference for habitat
Nyrany, Czech Republic
1/2
Moscovian
Beaumont (1977, p. 30; state 2); Milner
(1987, p. 502; state 2); Schultze &
Maples (1992, p. 234); Poplin (1994,
p. 307; state 1)
Tremosna, Czech
Republic
2
Moscovian
Milner (1987, p. 496 - 497)
Kladno and Rakovnice
basins
1/2
Moscovian to Gzhelian
Poplin (1994, p. 308)
Garnett, Kansas
0/1
Kasimovian
Schultze & Maples (1992, p. 234)
Hamilton, Kansas
0/1
Gzhelian
Schultze & Maples (1992, p. 234)
Robinson, Kansas
0/1
Gzhelian
Schultze & Maples (1992, p. 234)
Montceau-les-mines
1/2
Gzhelian
Schultze & Maples (1992, p. 234; state
2); Poplin (1994; state 1); Poplin et al.
(2001, p. 299; state 1); Schultze &
Soler-Gij
´
n (2004; state 1)
Laurin & Soler-Gij
´
n (2001, 2006);
Soler-Gij
´
n & Moratalla (2001)
Puertollano
1/2
Gzhelian
Kinney Quarry, Pine
Shadow member, Wild
Cow Formation, New
Mexico
1/2
Gzhelian
Hunt et al. (1992, pp. 211, 218 - 219)
Badger Creek Quarry,
Howard, Sangre de
Cristo Formation,
Colorado
2
Gzhelian
Vaughn (1969, p. 405)
Sudetic basin, Czech
Republic
1/2
Gzhelian and Asselian
Poplin (1994, p. 307)
Saale basin, Germany
2
Gzhelian and Asselian
Poplin (1994, p. 310)
El Cobre Canyon, Arroyo
de Agua, Cutler
Formation, New
Mexico
2
Gzhelian and/or Asselian
Vaughn (1969, p. 405); Berman et al.
(1985, pp. 7 - 8; 1987, p. 1772); Eberth
& Berman (1993)
Boskovice furrow, Czech
Republic
1/2
Asselian
Poplin (1994, p. 308); Schultze &
Soler-Gij ´n (2004; state 1)
Bromacker, Tambach
basin, Germany
N/A
Artinskian
Eberth et al. (2000)
Dolese Brothers quarry,
Fort Sill, Oklahoma,
USA
N/A
Artinskian
Sullivan & Reisz (1999)
floated over a long distance. While this is not strictly
impossible, this opinion is not considered further
here (Table 1) for two reasons: 200 km is a very
long distance to float, and this hypothesis seems to
be based on pre-conceived ideas. Furthermore,
Hunt et al. (1992, p. 219) stated that 'Tertiary fresh-
water frogs and salamanders are never found in
lagoonal environments (A. R. Milner, pers. comm.
1991).'
Extant lissamphibians are coded as stenohaline
freshwater forms because that appears to be the
case in most species (see below). On the contrary,
mammals, saurians and turtles are considered
euryhaline because many species of these taxa are
found in freshwater as well as in the seas (cetaceans,
seals, sea lions, sea otters and some sirenians among
mammals; mosasaurs, marine snakes, the Galapagos
iguana and several extant and extinct crocodilians
among saurians; the green and leatherback turtles,
among many others), as well as in freshwater.
The review (Table 1) suggests that some of our
distant finned relatives, such as Eusthenopteron,
Panderichthys and Elpistostege lived in marginal
marine environments, presumably in salt or brackish
water. More crownward taxa, from the Frasnian Tik-
taalik to most Permo-Carboniferous stegocepha-
lians, appear to have more frequently inhabited
brackish to freshwater bodies. Nevertheless, a few
Devonian stegocephalians appear to have lived in
a marine environment. Thus, the Ketleri Formation
in which Panderichthys and Ventastega were found
may
represent
a
marginal
marine
environment
