Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 1.4
(left) Map of the Motueka
catchment/watershed, a 2,180 km
2
catchment
draining northward at the top of the South
Island, New Zealand. Topography is indicated
by shading.
Figure 1.5
A three-dimensional representation
of a catchment.
Table 1.2
Estimated volumes of water held at the earth's surface
Volume (
×
10
3
km
3
)
Percentage of total
Oceans and seas
1,338,000
96.54
Ice caps and glaciers
24,064
1.74
Groundwater
23,400
1.69
Permafrost
300
0.022
Lakes
176
0.013
Soil
16.5
0.001
Atmosphere
12.9
0.0009
Marsh/wetlands
11.5
0.0008
Rivers
2.12
0.00015
Biota
1.12
0.00008
Total
1,385,984
100.00
Source
: Data from Shiklomanov and Sokolov (1983)
