Contaminant Impacts on the Soil–Subsurface Solid Phase - Contaminant Geochemistry - page 551

Fig. 18.47 Kerosene residual content (KRC) in soils a as affected by type of soil and moisture
content (Jarsjö et al. 1994 ), and b as a function of clay and moisture content (Fine and Yaron
1993 ) Reprinted from Jarsjö et al. ( 1994 ). Copyright 1994 with permission from Elsevier, and
from Fine and Yaron ( 1993 ). Copyright 1993 with permission from Elsevier
Fig. 18.48 Composition of
kerosene as a function of
viscosity (Gerstl et al. 1994 ).
Copyright 1994 American
Society of Agronomy.
Reprinted with permission
Loss of kerosene deposited on soil, through volatilization, is controlled by the
vapor pressure of each of the kerosene components, concentration gradients in the
subsurface, pore geometry, moisture content, temperature, and type of soil. The
physical properties of the residual liquid also change as the composition of the
initial mixture changes. Loss of the light fraction of kerosene by volatilization
leads to an increase in the liquid viscosity. The relationship between the viscosity
of kerosene after volatilization and the relative concentration of the major kero-
sene components is shown in Fig. 18.48 . An increase in kerosene viscosity was
accompanied by a relative increase in the heavy fraction (C 13 -C 15 ) and a decrease
in the light fraction (C 9 -C 11 ). The increase in viscosity causes a change in soil-
subsurface porosity, through the formation of ganglia and discontinuous blobs