Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 18.28 The effect of soil
exchangeable sodium
percentage (ESP)on
infiltration rates in two soils,
a sandy loam (Hamra) and
b silt loam (loess). Reprinted
from Kazman et al. (
1983
).
Copyright 1983 with
permission of Wolters
Kluwer Health
or leakage, or by intentional application, during urban or agricultural management.
Long-term leakage of hydrocarbons can stimulate formation of oxidation-reduc-
tion zones in the soil-subsurface domain (Schumacher
1996
).
18.3.1 Acid Rain Input
Acid rain represents an acidic deposition, which occurs in both wet and dry forms.
The most common acidic substances are compounds containing hydrogen (H
+
),
sulfates (SO
4
2-
), and nitrates (NO
3
-
). The source of these compounds is from the
combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and petroleum byproducts,
primarily
gasoline.
Power
plants
that
burn
coal
contribute
over
50 %
of
