Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 12.3 A Water-extractable component concentrations (on a dry solids basis) of the
experimental sewage sludge. B Selected physical and chemical characteristics of the Sonning soil
(Modified after Ashworth and Alloway
2004
)
A
B
Cu
2+
(mg/kg)
905
CEC (cmolc/kg)
17.8
Ni
2+
(mg/kg)
2,215
Sand (g/100 g)
69
Zn
2+
(mg/kg)
2,315
Silt (g/100 g)
19
Al
3+
(mg/kg)
1.2
Clay (g/100 g)
12
Ca
2+
(mg/kg)
3,105
Fe
3+
(mg/kg)
1.9
pH (deionized water)
6.7
K
+
(mg/kg)
510
Total organic C (g/100 g)
2.1
Mg
2+
(mg/kg)
412.5
Total Cu (mg/kg)
12.0
Na
+
(mg/kg)
1,165
Total Ni (mg/kg)
14.7
Chloride (mg/kg)
865
Total Zn (mg/kg)
56.9
Phosphate (mg/kg)
ND
Dissolved organic C (mg/kg)
101.0
Sulfate (mg/kg)
4,620
Dissolved Cu (mg/kg)
59.8
Nitrate (mg/kg)
ND
Dissolved Ni (mg/kg)
34.4
Inorganic carbon (mg/kg)
376
Dissolved Zn (mg/kg)
814.1
Organic carbon (mg/kg) 4,395
pH 6.84
Reprinted from Ashworth and Alloway (
2004
). Copyright 2004 with permission from Elsevier
Fig. 12.8 Elution profiles of a DOC and b Ni concentration through both the control and sludge-
amended soil columns. Error bars represent the range of values found (modified after Ashworth
and Alloway
2004
). Reprinted from Ashworth and Alloway (
2004
). Copyright 2004 with
permission from Elsevier
cases, these components are mobile in the soil. To emphasize the role of organics
on Ni mobility, the authors added to the control an additional variable, amending
the soil with metal nitrate. From Fig.
12.8
b, it may be seen that the inorganic
amendment did not contribute to the Ni mobility in the soil.
An example of large-scale effects of sludge disposal on heavy metal transport in
soils and groundwater is reported by Behbahaninia et al. (
2010
). Wastewater and