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will be set up in the local departments of agriculture and rural development in the
28 counties with mountain areas. In this new structure, professional training centres
will support the establishment of professional mountain farmers' organizations. The
creation of this national body for mountains followed an intensive lobbying process
by parliamentarians and civil society.
In Turkey, the Government is working with partners such as the International
Fund for Agricultural Development to boost employment and foster new businesses
in the remote mountainous regions of Diyarbakir, Batman and Siirt provinces. The
project supports new non-farming opportunities and expands existing profitable
businesses by improving access to markets.
22.3 Regional Conventions
22.3.1 Alps Convention
The Alps are considered as a region of extreme importance belonging to all
Europeans. For that reason these mountains must be protected and their condition
should be improved. Their natural recourses, biodiversity and landscapes must be
managed and protected and the environment must be preserved. However, it should
be guaranteed that human societies of the Alps may continue to live and work in
these territories. The most important element of whole system is sustainable eco-
nomical and social development of people in Alpine region. It is important that local
and regional authorities participate directly in implementation of the Alpine policy
taking into consideration the principle of subsidiarity in the frame of a genuine
politics of transnational and interregional cooperation.
Practical implementation of the Convention and its parameters requires deter-
mination of several specific priorities instead of preparation of new measures as
the only way of true cooperation beyond the borders of the single countries.
The efforts should be united and the funds should not be spent only economi-
cally. Establishment of permanent secretariat should assist the beginning of the
Convention until the strengthening of the system for observation and information
for Alps and Alpine net of protected areas.
Alpine Convention intends to maintain the interest towards these regions and the
hopes of the people living in the Alpine region. In Europe and in the world the value
of these regions increases because they are source of water with primary importance
for the world.
22.3.2 Initiative Carpathian Ecoregion (Carpathian Convention)
This initiative is coalition of NGO and research institutes which have worked
for environment protection and sustainable development of Carpathians mountain
region. They use characteristics of biodiversity and opportunities for integration
with social and culture factors. The region includes seven Carpathian countries. The
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