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Chapter 19
Changes in the Ethnic and Demographic Profile
of the Population in Eastern Stara Planina
Region
Nadezhda Ilieva and Boris Kazakov
Abstract The chapter focuses on the ethnic groups of the population in Eastern
Stara planina region—changes in their spatial distribution and number of popula-
tion through the period between 1965 and 2001. The region is one of the regions
in Bulgaria with a significant concentration of ethnic Turks and Roma popula-
tion, which hugely affects the demographic, social, and economic profile of the
region. The region is also important from NATURA 2000 point of view, because
vast areas in Eastern Stara planina Mountain are protected areas according to (in
most cases) both NATURA 2000 directives. The specific features of the ethnic
and cultural development of ethnic groups influence their reproduction and migra-
tion behavior in various ways. The dynamics and spatial distribution of the ethnic
Bulgarians is revealed as well. The main factors for the changes in number of the
population are outlined. The chosen period is locked between the three most repre-
sentative, in terms of ethnicity, censuses in Bulgaria—1965, 1992, and 2001, which
define important sub-periods of changes in the ethnic structure of the population in
Bulgaria in the last decades.
Keywords Ethnicity
·
Ethnic groups
·
Ethnic composition of
the popula-
tion
·
Demographic profile
19.1 General Notes
The 1965 census has been chosen as a beginning of the discussed period because
that was the last census, where ethnicity was impartially observed—during the
1975 census such data were gathered, but was immediately classified, while dur-
ing the 1985 census ethnicity was not observed at all. The 1992 census revealed
the changes that had happened right after the so-called “revival process” (a process
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