Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
Gene
Core promoter elements
Distal promoter elements
Proximal promoter elements
Promoter ∼ 1 kb
(b)
TAF9
TFIID complex
TFIIA
TBP
MTE
DPE
−40
+40
BREu
TATA
BREd
INR
DCE
Core promoter elements
TFIIB
FIGURe 13.2
(
See colour insert.
) Eukaryotic CPEs and interacting basal transcription factors: (a) Schematic of a typical gene regula-
tory region. The promoter, which is composed of a core promoter and proximal promoter elements, typically spans
<
1 kb pairs.
Distal (upstream) regulatory elements, which can include enhancers, silencers, insulators and locus control regions, can be located
up to 1 Mb pairs from the promoter. These distal elements may contact the core promoter or proximal promoter through a mecha-
nism that involves looping out the intervening DNA. (b) The core promoter (
−
40 to
+
40 bp) diagram shows the location of known
CPEs. TFIID components are known to directly interact with CPEs. The described protein-CPE interactions are indicated by an
arrow. The BREu and BREd elements are recognised by TFIIB, the TATA-box is recognised by TBP (and TBP2), the Inr is recognised
by TAF1 and TAF2, the DPE is recognised by TAF6 and TAF9 and the DCE is recognised by TAF1. The MTE is known to interact with
TFIID in general.
