Fundamentals of electrokinetics - In-Situ Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Sites - page 102

Table 5.4. Continued.

Media Contaminant Pollution Note Reference

Black cotton soil Cr, Fe Spiked Electroosmotic flow monitoring; different removal trends by heavy metals Sivapullaiah et al .

(2007)

Waste water sludge Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni,

Pb, Zn

Polluted Comparison by different electrolyte solutions; highest efficiency: citric acid;

Cu > Pb > Ni > Fe > Zn > Cr

Yuan and Weng
(2006)

Kaolinite Cr(VI), Cr(III),

Ni, Cd

Spiked Adsorption and precipitation properties of single and multiple heavy metals Al-Hamdan and

Reddy (2006)

Kaolinite, tailing As Spiked,

polluted

Comparison of the effectiveness of two kinds of enhancing agents (KH 2 PO 4 and NaOH);
evaluation on factors affecting the efficiency of the electrokinetic process in removing As
contaminants from soils

Kim et al . (2005b)

Kaolinite Pb, Cd Spiked Enhanced by ion exchange membrane; efficiency evaluation depending on electrode

configuration

Kim et al . (2005a)

Red soil Cu, Zn Polluted Catholyte pH controlled by lactic acid and CaCl 2 ; without CaCl 2 :Zn > Cu; with CaCl 2 :

only enhanced Cu

Zhou et al . (2005)

Silt clay Pb, Zn, Cu Spiked Comparison of single and multiple heavy metals; two types of electrode geometry Turer and Genc (2005)

Field soil (clay) 19 metals

(spiked: Pb, Hg)

Polluted,
spiked

Enhanced by different extracting solutions; efficient solutions: EDTA, KI Reddy and Ala (2005)

Kaolinite Cr(VI), Cr(III),

Ni, Cd

Spiked Evaluation of pH dependent adsorption of metals; zeta potential change by heavy metals Al-Hamdan and

Reddy (2005)

Waste water sludge As, Cr, Ni, Pb,

Cu, Zn

Polluted Sludge pre-acidification & catholyte pH control; sequential extraction after treatment;

Cu > Zn > Ni > Cr > As > Pb

Wang et al . (2005)

Harbor sediment Cu, Zn, Pb Cd Polluted Electrodialytic remediation; control pH & liquid-solid ratio; maximum removal

efficiency: 87% Cu, 98% Cd, 97% Zn, 96% Pb

Nystroem et al . (2005)

Incineration fly ash Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr Polluted Electrodialytic remediation; enhanced by ammonium citrate filling solution; 86% Cd,

20% Pb, 62% Zn, 81% Cu, 44% Cr

Pedersen et al . (2005)

Kaolinite Cr, Ni, Cd Spiked EDTA-enhanced electrokinetics; high removal efficiency of only Cr in high pH Reddy et al . (2004)