Fundamentals of electrokinetics - In-Situ Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Sites - page 101

Table 5.4. Representative studies on electrokinetic remediation of soils contaminated with inorganics over the last decade.

Media Contaminant Pollution Note Reference

Shooting range soil
(sandy loam)

Cu, Pb, Zn Polluted Evaluation of removal efficiencies for 5 different enhancement schemes: acidic

electrokinetics, acidic bioelectrokinetics, EDTA electrokinetics, EDTA
bioelectrokinetics, and acidic

Lee and Kim (2010)

+ neutral electrokinetics

Factory site (sandy) Cr(V) Polluted Comparison of 3 different electrode arrangements: the highest performance in

2D crossed electric field

Zhang et al . (2010)

Agricultural area
(sandy loam)

Cd, Ni, Zn Spiked Evaluation of the efficiency of three kinds of chelate agents: nitrilotriacetic acid

(NTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and diaminocycloexsanetetraacetic
acid (DCyTA)

Giannis et al . (2010)

Kaolinite, and clay
liner (silty clay)

Zn Spiked Investigation of the effect of calcite or carbonate (CaCO 3 ) on electrokinetic removal of

Zn: a decrease in the rate of heavy metal removal with an increase in the carbonate quantity

Ouhadi et al . (2010)

Dredged sediment As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni,

Pb, Zn, PAH

Polluted Evaluation of electrokinetic removal of heavy metals and PAH under different

operational conditions using different chelating agents such as EDTA and surfactant

Colacico et al . (2010)

Tailing (silt) As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu,

Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr

Polluted Study on enhanced electrokinetics using alkaline agents such as ammonium oxalate

and sodium hydroxides; evaluation of chemical forms of contaminant using sequential
extraction

Isosaari and
Sillanpää (2010)

Tailing (sandy loam) As Polluted Investigation of a hybrid method integrating anaerobic bioleaching and electrokinetics for

removal of As

Lee et al . (2009)

Field soil (silty loam) F Polluted Evaluation of the feasibility of anolyte conditioning on electrokinetic remediation of

fluorine-contaminated soil

Kim et al . (2009b)

Power plant soil
(silty loam)

Ni, Zn Polluted Investigation of the feasibility of catholyte conditioning with the acidic solution and

pre-treatment of soil with acidic solution for the electrokinetic remediation of Zn and
Ni contaminated field soil

Kim et al . (2009c)

Kaolinite glacial
till (clay)

Cr, Ni, Cd Spiked Different removal efficiency; kaolinite > glacial till; geochemical assessment using

MINEQL +

Al-Hamdan and
Reddy (2008)

Incinerator bottom ash Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd Polluted Comparative experiments by different current densities and process durations Traina et al . (2007)

Estuarine harbor
sediment

As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni,
Pb, Zn

Polluted Electrodialytic remediation (EDR); average removal efficiency: 75%; dissolved organic

carbon (DOC) from sediment: before EDR < after EDR

Gardner et al . (2007)

( Continued )