Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
trophic level Thepositionofanorganism
within a food web. All organisms at one
trophic level will be dependent on the
same resources for growth. The primary
producers are at trophic level 1, their
grazers at level 2, and the predators that
eat the grazers at level 3. Humans, and a
few other animals, are at trophic level 5:
at which predators are not predated
upon.
turbulence closure Relationship determining
the eddy viscosity and eddy diffusivity in
terms of the mean properties of a turbulent
flow. Such a relationship is necessary to
'close' a set of equations governing a fluid
flow and, hence, allow analytical or
numerical solutions to be obtained.
Closure schemes vary from simple
assumptions of constant eddy viscosities
and diffusivities to more elaborate
formulations representing more of the
relevant physics.
turbulent kinetic energy The total kinetic
energy per unit mass present in turbulent
motions.
turbulent Prandtl number The ratio of eddy
viscosity to eddy diffusivity.
vorticity Flow property depending on
velocity gradients in the flow. It can be
thought of as the fluid equivalent of the
rotation of a solid body to which it is
closely analagous.
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