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a
100
100
d
10
10
1
1
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
T Fe (ng m
-3
)
T P (ng m
-3
)
b
100
e
100
10
10
1
1
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
T Al (ng m
-3
)
T Si (ng m
-3
)
c
100
f
100
90
80
10
70
60
1
50
40
30
0.1
20
10
0.01
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
T Mn (ng m
-3
)
T Mn (ng m
-3
)
Remote (N)
Europe
North Africa
Southern Africa
Remote (S)
South America
Fig. 4.5
Percentage elemental solubility plotted as a function of total atmospheric elemental
concentration for (
a
)Fe,(
b
)Al,(
c
)Mn,(
d
)Pand(
e
) Si (all on log-log scales) for aerosol samples
collected over the North and South Atlantic. Fe data (
a
) is the ammonium acetate leach data from
Fig.
4.3
, and the Al and Mn data (
b
,
c
) were obtained from the same samples, using the same
methods. P and Si data are from a subset of the samples in
a
-
c
(n
44 and 54 for P and Si,
respectively), using a solution buffered at pH 7 for extraction of soluble P and Si. Total Si (
e
)was
estimated from total Al, using the Si/Al ratio of Saharan dust aerosol at Sal, Cape Verde (Chiapello
et al.
1997
). (
f
)isthesameas(
c
) with a linear scale for the y-axis
D
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