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a
100
100
d
10
10
1
1
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
T Fe (ng m -3 )
T P (ng m -3 )
b
100
e
100
10
10
1
1
0.1
0.1
0.01
0.01
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
1
10
100
1000
10000 100000
T Al (ng m -3 )
T Si (ng m -3 )
c
100
f
100
90
80
10
70
60
1
50
40
30
0.1
20
10
0.01
0
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
T Mn (ng m -3 )
T Mn (ng m -3 )
Remote (N)
Europe
North Africa
Southern Africa
Remote (S)
South America
Fig. 4.5 Percentage elemental solubility plotted as a function of total atmospheric elemental
concentration for ( a )Fe,( b )Al,( c )Mn,( d )Pand( e ) Si (all on log-log scales) for aerosol samples
collected over the North and South Atlantic. Fe data ( a ) is the ammonium acetate leach data from
Fig. 4.3 , and the Al and Mn data ( b , c ) were obtained from the same samples, using the same
methods. P and Si data are from a subset of the samples in a - c (n
44 and 54 for P and Si,
respectively), using a solution buffered at pH 7 for extraction of soluble P and Si. Total Si ( e )was
estimated from total Al, using the Si/Al ratio of Saharan dust aerosol at Sal, Cape Verde (Chiapello
et al. 1997 ). ( f )isthesameas( c ) with a linear scale for the y-axis
D
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