Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 4
Processing and Ageing in the Atmosphere
Alex R. Baker, Olga Laskina, and Vicki H. Grassian
Abstract
Transport through the atmosphere exposes mineral dust to a number
of processes that alter its physicochemical properties, which in turn affects its
direct and indirect impacts on climate. In this chapter, we review the physical and
chemical processes that alter dust properties and their impacts on dust's radiative
properties, cloud condensation nucleus activity, morphology, nutrient and trace
element solubility and the impacts of heterogeneous chemistry on dust surfaces on
atmospheric composition.
Keywords
Physical processing Chemical processing Dust dispersal
Solubility Iron Nitrogen Nitric acid Nitrogen oxides Sulphur Ozone
Chemical properties Particle surface Ageing
4.1
Introduction
Mineral dust aerosol is an abundant component of the Earth's atmosphere. Once
suspended in the atmosphere, dust can be subjected to a number of processes that
influence its transport, deposition and impact on the environment. Effects range
from purely physical, e.g. winnowing, to those associated with heterogeneous
chemistry on dust particle surfaces. Heterogeneous chemistry during long-range
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