Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
maintained, some for up to three decades, in subtropical locations: the
ALOHA station of the
Hawaiian Ocean Time Series
(HOT) program
in the North Pacific Ocean as well as the BATS (
Bermuda Atlantic
Time-Series Station
) and ESTOC (
European Time Series in the
Canary Islands
) stations in the North Atlantic Ocean. The decrease of
pH in surface waters varies between -0.0017 and -0.0019 units per
year (Figure 5.4) and does not show any significant difference
between stations. The concentration in
CO
−
also decreases
significantly in the three stations; it is 80% higher at ESTOC than at
HOT and BATS. Subsurface waters are also affected. For example,
at the ALOHA station, acidification is more significant at 250 m than
at the surface. It is significant up to a depth of at least 600 m at
ALOHA [DOR 09] and at least 1000 m at ESTOC [GON 10].
3
Figure 5.4.
pH (expressed on the total scale) and concentration in carbonate at the
surface of the ALOHA (in green; [DOR 09]), BATS (in red; [BAT 07]) and ESTOC
stations (in blue; [GON 10]) (according to [ORR 11]) (see color section)
