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increase in concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases due to
human activity, which causes the observed increase in temperature of
the atmosphere and oceans. This global-scale increase in temperature
leads to changes in the environment, the speed of which may exceed
the adaptation ability of natural ecosystems and human societies.
Falkowski et al .
[FAL 00]
Reservoirs
Pidwirny [PID 06]
10 2 (in 1700) to 7.7
5.8
×
×
10 2
- Atmosphere
7.2
×
10 2 (in 1999)
10 4
10 4
- Oceans (total)
3.8
×
3.8 to 4.0
×
10 4
- Total inorganic
3.7
×
10 3
- Total organic
1.0
×
10 2
- Surface layer
6.7
×
10 4
- Deep layer
3.7
×
10 7
10 7
- Lithosphere
>7.5
×
6.6 to 10.0
×
10 7
- Sedimentary carbonates
> 6
×
10 7
- Kerogen*
1.5
×
10 3
10 3
- Terrestrial biosphere (total)
2.0
×
2.0 to 2.2
×
10 2
- Living biomass
6.0 to 10.0
×
10 3
- Non-living biomass
1.2
×
10 2
- Plants
5.4 to 6.1
×
10 3
- Soils
1.5 to 1.6
×
10 0
- Aquatic biosphere
1-2
×
10 3
10 3
- Fossil organic matter (total)
4.1
×
4.0
×
10 3
- Coal
3.5
×
10 2
- Oil
2.3
×
10 2
- Natural gas
1.4
×
- Other (peat)
10 2
2.5
×
*Oil shale and sands, anthracite, graphite, etc.
Table 4.4. Distribution of carbon in the main reservoirs of the Earth. The values are
expressed in Pg C (10 15 grams de C) or Gt C (10 9 tons of C). Another natural carbon
reservoir, not mentioned in the table above, is methane clathrate stored in marine
sediments (0.5 to 2.5 × 10 3 Gt C)
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